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Personality, life events, and depression

J H Bartelstone¹, T J Trull

¹Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Columbia 65211, USA.

Journal of Personality Assessment

|April 1, 1995

Summary

The Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ) and Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale (SAS) assess personality styles influencing depression. While DEQ Dependency and SAS Sociotropy overlap, DEQ Self-Criticism and SAS Autonomy do not, impacting the congruency hypothesis for depression risk.

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Clinical Psychology
Personality Psychology

Background:

Personality styles are theorized to influence vulnerability to depression.
The Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ) and Sociotropy-Autonomy Scale (SAS) are commonly used to assess these styles.
The congruency hypothesis posits that depression risk increases when personality styles interact with thematically related negative life events.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the construct overlap between the DEQ and SAS.
To test the congruency hypothesis using these two measures.
To determine if specific personality dimensions predict depression in response to congruent negative life events.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of the DEQ and SAS to assess construct overlap.
Statistical testing of the congruency hypothesis.
Examination of the interaction between personality styles (DEQ and SAS) and negative life events in relation to depressive symptomatology.

Main Results:

The DEQ Dependency scale and the SAS Sociotropy scale demonstrated significant overlap, suggesting they measure similar constructs.
The DEQ Self-Criticism scale and the SAS Autonomy scale did not show significant overlap.
The congruency hypothesis was supported when using DEQ Dependency or SAS Sociotropy, but not for DEQ Self-Criticism or SAS Autonomy.

Conclusions:

DEQ Dependency and SAS Sociotropy are largely interchangeable for assessing sociotropic personality styles.
The congruency hypothesis is supported for sociotropic, but not autonomous, personality styles.
Further research is needed to clarify the distinct roles of self-criticism and autonomy in depression development.

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