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Racial differences in beta-adrenoceptor-mediated responsiveness

J A Johnson1, B S Burlew, R N Stiles

  • 1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee, Memphis 38163.

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Black and white men show racial differences in beta-adrenoceptor sensitivity. Whites are more sensitive to isoproterenol

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Racial Health Disparities

Background:

  • Previous research suggests potential racial variations in beta-adrenoceptor responses.
  • Confounding effects of the parasympathetic nervous system have limited prior conclusions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate racial differences in beta-adrenoceptor sensitivity.
  • To determine if parasympathetic blockade alters observed racial differences in response to beta-adrenergic stimulation.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy black and white men underwent parasympathetic blockade with atropine.
  • Isoproterenol sensitivity and exercise tolerance were assessed with and without propranolol (beta-adrenoceptor blockade).
  • Heart rate, blood pressure, and tremor were measured.

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Main Results:

  • Black men required over twofold higher isoproterenol doses for a 25-beat/min heart rate increase compared to white men (p < 0.05).
  • No significant racial differences were observed in response to beta-adrenoceptor blockade with propranolol.
  • During parasympathetic blockade, black individuals exhibited reduced sensitivity to the heart rate effects of isoproterenol.

Conclusions:

  • Racial differences in beta-adrenoceptor sensitivity exist, with whites demonstrating greater sensitivity.
  • These differences are attributed to variations in beta-adrenoceptor sensitivity rather than blockade response.