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Vertical transmission of hepatitis E virus
M S Khuroo1, S Kamili, S Jameel
1Department of Gastroenterology, Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, Kashmir, India.
Lancet (London, England)
|April 22, 1995
Summary
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is often transmitted from infected mothers to newborns, causing severe illness and death. This study highlights the significant risks of perinatal HEV infection.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Hepatology
- Neonatology
Background:
- Vertical transmission of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) from infected mothers to infants is poorly understood.
- Maternal HEV infection during the third trimester poses potential risks to newborns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence and outcomes of vertical transmission of HEV.
- To assess the perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with HEV infection in infants born to infected mothers.
Main Methods:
- Prospective study of eight infants born to mothers with HEV infection during the third trimester.
- Detection of HEV RNA using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in cord or birth blood.
- Clinical and laboratory evaluation of neonatal outcomes, including jaundice, transaminase levels, and survival.
Main Results:
- Six out of eight infants showed evidence of HEV infection.
- Five infants tested positive for HEV RNA in cord or birth blood.
- Clinical manifestations included icteric hepatitis, anicteric hepatitis, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, and massive hepatic necrosis, leading to death in two neonates.
Conclusions:
- HEV is frequently transmitted from infected mothers to their infants.
- Perinatal HEV infection is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality in newborns.
- Early detection and management strategies are crucial for infants born to mothers with HEV infection.