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Acquired laryngeal lesions. Pathologic study using serial macrosections

J C Chen1, L D Holinger

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei.

Archives of Otolaryngology--Head & Neck Surgery
|May 1, 1995
PubMed
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Acquired laryngeal lesions are common in infants following intubation trauma. Pathologic findings include mucous gland hyperplasia, fibrosis, and cricoid cartilage abnormalities.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pathology
  • Laryngology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Acquired laryngeal lesions can significantly impact infant airway function.
  • Intubation is a common medical procedure in neonates and infants, carrying risks of laryngeal injury.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document the types and prevalence of acquired laryngeal lesions in infants.
  • To characterize the histopathologic features of these lesions resulting from intubation trauma.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 115 infant larynges obtained via postmortem examination.
  • Whole-organ serial sectioning technique to meticulously examine laryngeal structures.
  • Identification and classification of acquired lesions attributed to intubation.

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Main Results:

  • 53 of 115 specimens (46%) showed acquired laryngeal lesions.
  • Common findings included submucosal mucous gland hyperplasia (36 cases), submucosal fibrosis (12 cases), and granulation tissue (10 cases).
  • Other observed abnormalities included ulceration, cricoid cartilage distortion/fragmentation, cricoid ossification, ductal cysts, healed furrows, and anterior glottic synechia.

Conclusions:

  • Acquired laryngeal lesions are a frequent consequence of intubation in infants.
  • Histopathologic examination reveals a spectrum of injuries, with mucous gland hyperplasia and fibrosis being most prevalent.
  • These findings underscore the importance of careful intubation techniques and monitoring for potential laryngeal complications in infants.