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Intercellular signaling in neuronal-glial networks

M S Cooper1

  • 1Department of Zoology, NJ-15, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.

Bio Systems
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Glial cells respond to neurotransmitters, suggesting active neuron-glia communication. Calcium signaling in glia may regulate brain function and neuronal network excitability.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Glial cells exhibit electrophysiological and metabolic responses to neurotransmitters and neuromodulators.
  • Active signaling between neurons and glia is increasingly recognized as crucial for brain intercellular communication.
  • Glial and neuronal networks are physically and metabolically interconnected, enabling collective physiological changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of cytoplasmic calcium ([Ca2+]) transients in regulating glial cell functions.
  • To discuss mechanisms generating intracellular calcium oscillations and intercellular calcium waves in glial cells.
  • To explore the link between calcium-induced glial activities and neuronal network excitability.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on cytoplasmic [Ca2+] transients in glial cells.
  • Discussion of mechanisms for generating intracellular and intercellular calcium signaling in glia.
  • Analysis of proposed links between glial cell physiology and neuronal network function.

Main Results:

  • Glial cells secrete signaling molecules, modulate metabolism, and control extracellular space composition.
  • Neurotransmitter stimulation can induce intracellular calcium oscillations and intercellular calcium waves in glia.
  • Rhythmic glial cell contractions and shape changes are linked to calcium-induced secretion of ions, water, and neuroactive compounds.

Conclusions:

  • Cytoplasmic calcium transients play a key role in regulating diverse glial cell functions.
  • Calcium signaling in glia is a potential mechanism for altering neuronal network excitability.
  • Intercellular communication involving glial cells significantly impacts overall brain function.

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