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Bluetongue virus

B I Osburn1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice
|November 1, 1994
PubMed
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Bluetongue (BLU) is a viral disease affecting ruminants and dogs, caused by 24 worldwide serotypes. This review covers BLU viruses, their distribution, signs, pathogenesis, and impact on reproductive failure.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Animal Reproduction

Background:

  • Bluetongue (BLU) is a noncontagious viral disease caused by orbiviruses.
  • It primarily affects domestic and wild ruminants, with recent cases in domestic dogs.
  • The Bluetongue virus (BLV) comprises 24 distinct serotypes globally distributed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of Bluetongue viruses.
  • To detail their worldwide distribution, clinical manifestations, and pathogenesis.
  • To elucidate the role of BLV in animal reproductive failure.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles and reports on Bluetongue.
  • Synthesis of information on virus characteristics, epidemiology, and clinical aspects.

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  • Analysis of studies investigating the link between BLV infection and reproductive issues.

    • Main Results:

    • BLV belongs to the Orbivirus genus, with diverse serotypes causing disease in various ruminant species and dogs.
    • The review consolidates data on geographical spread, clinical signs, and disease progression.
    • Evidence highlights BLV's significant contribution to reproductive failures in affected animals.

    Conclusions:

    • Bluetongue is a significant viral disease with global reach, impacting livestock and companion animals.
    • Understanding BLV serotypes, distribution, and pathogenesis is crucial for disease management.
    • Further research into BLV's role in reproductive failure is warranted to mitigate economic losses.