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Updated: May 5, 2026

In Vitro and In Vivo Approaches to Determine Intestinal Epithelial Cell Permeability
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Intestinal permeability: an overview

I Bjarnason1, A MacPherson, D Hollander

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King's College School of Medicine, London, England.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Noninvasive intestinal permeability tests offer valuable insights into gastrointestinal health. This review highlights their clinical utility, potential shortcomings, and the need for further research into the intestinal barrier

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Physiology
  • Biomedical Science

Background:

  • Noninvasive assessment of intestinal permeability has a 20-year history.
  • These tests are increasingly utilized in clinical practice and research, yet controversy exists regarding their application and interpretation.
  • A comprehensive review of existing literature is necessary to address these issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the literature on noninvasive intestinal permeability tests.
  • To outline the potential benefits and shortcomings of these diagnostic procedures.
  • To discuss the application of these tests in various gastrointestinal contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases.
  • Inclusion of data from personal files.
  • Review and synthesis of existing research on intestinal permeability testing.

Main Results:

  • The principle of differential urinary excretion of orally administered test markers is explained.
  • The physicochemical properties of ideal markers and their application in assessing gastrointestinal functions are detailed.
  • The utility of these tests in diagnosing small bowel diseases, evaluating treatment responses, understanding disease pathogenesis, normal physiology, and drug effects is reviewed.

Conclusions:

  • Noninvasive intestinal permeability tests have demonstrated significant clinical and research utility.
  • Controversies regarding the precise location of marker permeation pathways persist.
  • Further integrated research is required to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of intestinal barrier function.