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Nutrient transport by ruminal bacteria: a review

S A Martin1

  • 1Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-2771.

Journal of Animal Science
|November 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Understanding nutrient transport in ruminal bacteria is key to improving digestion. This study reveals specific mechanisms like PEP-PTS and Na+ symport used by bacteria for nutrient uptake, crucial for ruminal fermentation efficiency.

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Area of Science:

  • Rumen Microbiology
  • Bacterial Physiology
  • Nutrient Transport

Background:

  • Fermentation pathways in ruminal bacteria are known, but nutrient transport mechanisms remain poorly understood.
  • Environmental factors can influence bacterial transport activity, impacting nutrient utilization.
  • Five carrier-mediated transport systems exist in bacteria, including PEP-PTS, proton symport, and Na+ symport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the specific nutrient transport mechanisms employed by predominant ruminal bacteria.
  • To understand how environmental conditions affect these transport systems.
  • To elucidate the role of nutrient transport in ruminal fermentation.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of nutrient transport mechanisms in key ruminal bacteria like Megasphaera elsdenii, Selenomonas ruminantium, and Streptococcus bovis.
  • Analysis of glucose and disaccharide transport using the phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase system (PEP-PTS).
  • Investigation of transport mechanisms in Fibrobacter succinogenes, including Na+ symport for glucose and cellobiose.

Main Results:

  • Megasphaera elsdenii, Selenomonas ruminantium, and Streptococcus bovis utilize PEP-PTS for glucose transport.
  • Streptococcus bovis shows optimal glucose PTS activity at pH 5.0, low glucose, and a dilution rate of 0.10 h-1.
  • Fibrobacter succinogenes employs Na+ symport for glucose and cellobiose, sensitive to low pH; proton symport is indicated for arabinose and xylose transport in S. ruminantium.

Conclusions:

  • Ruminal bacteria employ diverse nutrient transport mechanisms, including PEP-PTS, Na+ symport, and proton symport.
  • Environmental factors like pH significantly influence transport activity.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for optimizing ruminal fermentation and animal nutrition.

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