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Published on: May 31, 2018
Clofazimine-mediated augmentation of LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor production in macrophages
J G Xiong1, F Minagawa, Y Fukutomi
1National Institute for Leprosy Research, Japan.
Abstract:
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) exerts multiple biological activities including immune response. It is also believed to play an important role in anti-bacterial response. In this study in vitro, we observed augmentation of LPS-induced TNF production from mouse macrophages by clofazimine treatment. Rifampicin, however, did not indicate such an activity. Clofazimine itself, on the other hand, did not have any TNF-inducing activity. Clofazimine is a well known anti-leprosy drug; in addition, from the results obtained here, this drug could induce anti-M. leprae response of host by way of the augmented immune response by enhanced cytokine production from macrophages.
Insights
Clofazimine enhances lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production in mouse macrophages, boosting immune response. This finding suggests clofazimine
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is crucial for immune responses, particularly against bacterial infections.
- Clofazimine is an established anti-leprosy medication.
- The immunomodulatory effects of clofazimine require further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of clofazimine on TNF production in macrophages.
- To explore the potential of clofazimine in augmenting host immune responses against Mycobacterium leprae.
Main Methods:
- In vitro study using mouse macrophages.
- Treatment with clofazimine and rifampicin.
- Measurement of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF production.
Main Results:
- Clofazimine treatment augmented LPS-induced TNF production in mouse macrophages.
- Rifampicin did not exhibit similar TNF-augmenting activity.
- Clofazimine alone did not induce TNF production.
Conclusions:
- Clofazimine enhances macrophage cytokine production, potentially improving host defense against M. leprae.
- The immunomodulatory effect of clofazimine may contribute to its anti-leprosy efficacy.
