[Lead poisoning caused by stonework treatment in architectural restoration]

An unexpected lead exposure occurred among a team of masons employed in restoration work of the facade of an 18th century church in Vicenza, Italy. The unusual case of lead intoxication (PbB up to 71 micrograms/dL, PbU-EDTA 8636 micrograms/24 h after the first 1 g dose of Na2Ca EDTA) in a mason suffering from abdominal pain was reported to our unit by the local General Hospital. An investigation on the possible sources was therefore set up and the source was identified in the removal of an old paint made of white lead (basic lead carbonate) from the statues and decorative stonework of the church. An extension of the investigation confirmed that many sculptures and stonework from the same period, especially in religious buildings, were treated in the same way. The biological exposure indices of the subject's work fellows also confirmed an abnormal lead absorption. The occupational risks involved in various methods in restoration crafts are evaluated and preventive measures are suggested.