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Left ventricular morphologic features and function in nonhospitalized cocaine users: a quantitative two-dimensional

M J Eisenberg1, J Jue, J Mendelson

  • 1Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0984, USA.

American Heart Journal
|May 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

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This study found no significant left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy or dysfunction in most nonhospitalized cocaine users. Cocaine-associated cardiac changes may be limited to specific high-risk populations.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Cocaine use is associated with cardiovascular complications.
  • The impact of chronic, non-hospitalized cocaine use on cardiac structure and function requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess for left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and dysfunction in nonhospitalized individuals using intravenous cocaine.
  • To compare cardiac parameters between cocaine users and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative two-dimensional echocardiography was performed.
  • Twenty intravenous cocaine users and 20 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled.
  • Key echocardiographic parameters including LV mass index, wall thickness, volumes, and ejection fraction were measured.

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Main Results:

  • No significant differences were observed in LV mass index, mean wall thickness, end-diastolic volume index, end-systolic volume index, or ejection fraction between cocaine users and controls.
  • No significant regional wall motion abnormalities or reduced ejection fractions (<55%) were detected in either group.

Conclusions:

  • Little evidence suggests significant LV hypertrophy or dysfunction in this cohort of nonhospitalized cocaine users.
  • Cocaine-induced cardiac changes may be confined to specific high-risk subgroups of chronic users.