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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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A life-span theory of control

J Heckhausen¹, R Schulz

¹Max Planck Institute for Human Development and Education, Berlin, Germany.

Psychological Review

|April 1, 1995

Summary

This study introduces a life-span development theory using primary and secondary control concepts. It shows how the balance between changing the world and adapting internally shifts throughout life.

Area of Science:

Developmental Psychology
Life-Span Development
Control Theory

Background:

Human development involves continuous adaptation to changing life circumstances.
Existing theories often focus on specific life stages rather than the entire lifespan.
Understanding the interplay of internal and external regulation is crucial for development.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a comprehensive life-span theory of development.
To elucidate the roles of primary and secondary control in development across the lifespan.
To examine how the balance between primary and secondary control shifts over time.

Main Methods:

Theoretical integration of primary and secondary control concepts.
Review and analysis of diverse empirical literature spanning infancy to old age.

Related Experiment Videos

Examination of developmental shifts in control strategies in response to life opportunities and constraints.

Main Results:

Primary control involves changing the external world to fit individual needs.
Secondary control involves internal adaptation to maintain and support primary control.
Systematic shifts in the trade-offs between primary and secondary control occur across the life course.

Conclusions:

Primary control is functionally primary, while secondary control supports and facilitates it.
The theory provides a framework for understanding developmental regulation across the entire lifespan.
Adaptation strategies evolve in response to life's opportunities and constraints.