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Dental erosion and acid reflux disease
P L Schroeder1, S J Filler, B Ramirez
1Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294-0007, USA.
Annals of Internal Medicine
|June 1, 1995
Summary
Dental erosion is frequently observed in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study found a strong correlation between GERD, particularly proximal reflux, and the severity of dental erosion.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Dentistry
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition where stomach acid or bile irritates the food pipe lining.
- Dental erosion, the loss of tooth structure by chemical processes, can have various causes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and dental erosion.
- To assess the utility of 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring in identifying GERD in patients with dental erosion.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at a tertiary referral center.
- Two groups were evaluated: 12 patients with idiopathic dental erosion and 30 patients undergoing 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring.
- Methods included pH monitoring, comprehensive dental examinations, saliva analysis, and questionnaires.
Main Results:
- 83% of patients with dental erosion showed evidence of GERD on pH monitoring, with both distal and proximal reflux identified.
- In the gastroenterology group, 40% of patients exhibited dental erosion, with a significantly higher prevalence in those with proximal reflux (70%) compared to those without (10%).
- A significant positive correlation was found between the severity of dental erosion and proximal upright reflux (r = 0.55, P < 0.01).
Conclusions:
- Dental erosion is a common and significant finding in patients diagnosed with GERD.
- Dental erosion should be recognized as a potential atypical manifestation of GERD, warranting investigation.
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