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Related Experiment Videos

Heparin and haematoma: does ice make a difference?

S Ross1, D Soltes

  • 1Department of Education Resources, Calgary General Hospital, Alberta, Canada.

Journal of Advanced Nursing
|March 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Applying ice before and after subcutaneous heparin injections significantly reduces patient discomfort. However, ice application did not significantly decrease the incidence or size of hematomas at the injection site.

Area of Science:

  • Nursing
  • Pharmacology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Subcutaneous heparin injections are common for deep vein thrombosis prevention.
  • Hematoma formation is a frequent adverse effect of these injections.
  • Minimizing hematoma and patient discomfort is a nursing challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of ice application on subcutaneous heparin injection sites.
  • To determine if ice reduces hematoma incidence and size.
  • To assess if ice minimizes patient discomfort during injections.

Main Methods:

  • Quasi-experimental design with subjects serving as their own controls.
  • 70 subjects received two subcutaneous heparin injections, 12 hours apart.
  • Ice was applied pre- and post-injection to one site; the other served as a control. Pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale; hematomas were inspected 48 hours post-injection.

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Main Results:

  • No significant difference in hematoma incidence or size was observed between ice-treated and control sites.
  • Subjects reported significantly less perceived pain when ice was applied pre- and post-injection.
  • The study found a significant reduction in patient-reported pain with ice application.

Conclusions:

  • Ice application is effective in reducing pain associated with subcutaneous heparin injections.
  • Ice application does not significantly impact hematoma formation or size.
  • Nursing interventions should focus on pain management strategies like ice application for heparin injections.