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Cocaine-associated myocardial infarction. Mortality and complications. Cocaine-Associated Myocardial Infarction Study

J E Hollander1, R S Hoffman, J L Burstein

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA.

Archives of Internal Medicine
|May 22, 1995
PubMed

Insights

Cocaine-associated myocardial infarction has low in-hospital mortality. Most cardiovascular complications occur within 12 hours of presentation in affected patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The frequency of complications in patients with cocaine-associated myocardial infarction (CAMI) is not well-established.
  • Understanding short-term morbidity and mortality is crucial for managing CAMI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the short-term morbidity and mortality associated with cocaine-associated myocardial infarction.
  • To identify the incidence and timing of major cardiovascular complications in CAMI patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study across 29 US hospital centers.
  • Identified 130 patients with CAMI between 1987 and 1993.
  • Assessed in-hospital mortality and cardiovascular complication rates.

Main Results:

  • CAMI patients were young (mean age 38), predominantly nonwhite (72%), and smokers (91%).
  • 36% of patients experienced complications, including heart failure, ventricular tachycardia, and brady-dysrhythmias.
  • Acute in-hospital mortality was 0%; 90% of complications occurred within 12 hours.

Conclusions:

  • Hospitalized patients with CAMI exhibit low mortality rates.
  • The majority of cardiovascular complications in CAMI manifest within 12 hours of presentation.
Abstract

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