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Trace elements and inflammatory response: implications for nutritional support

A Shenkin1

  • 1Department of Clinical Chemistry, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, United Kingdom.

Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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The acute-phase response alters essential trace elements like iron, zinc, and copper. Monitoring these elements alongside the acute-phase response aids in assessing nutritional needs during illness.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • The acute-phase response (APR) to infection or injury significantly alters trace element metabolism.
  • Key trace elements affected include iron, zinc, and copper, with characteristic changes in serum concentrations.
  • These alterations are mediated by cytokines such as interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor, and interleukin-6.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complex interplay between the acute-phase response and trace element dynamics.
  • To address the challenges in assessing true trace element status due to altered plasma concentrations.
  • To propose methods for interpreting trace element requirements during nutritional support.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous assessment of acute-phase markers (e.g., C-reactive protein) and trace element levels.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Monitoring changes in trace element concentrations in relation to the inflammatory state.
  • Review and proposal of methods for interpreting laboratory tests for trace elements.

    • Main Results:

    • Serum iron and zinc levels typically decrease, while serum copper levels increase during the APR.
    • Plasma concentrations may not accurately reflect tissue status of these trace elements.
    • Concurrent monitoring of APR markers and trace elements can aid in interpreting nutritional status.

    Conclusions:

    • The changes in trace elements during APR are generally considered adaptive and beneficial.
    • Accurate assessment of trace element status requires considering the APR and utilizing appropriate interpretation methods.
    • Recommendations are provided for trace element requirements in enteral and intravenous nutrition.