Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

[Role of informal carers in chronic respiratory diseases: A French survey].

Revue des maladies respiratoires·2026
Same author

Multi-omics profiling of chronic immune-mediated skin diseases: SKINERGY protocol and strategic evaluation.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·2026
Same author

Impact of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Cerebral Cortex Development.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology·2026
Same author

Phytochemical combinations of lichen <i>Evernia prunastri</i> (L.) Ach. reduce drug resistance to temozolomide but not to paclitaxel <i>in vitro</i>.

Frontiers in pharmacology·2025
Same author

The cutaneous microbiota and Nannizziomycosis in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps): Associations between infectious Nannizziopsis species and common bacterial pathogens.

Veterinary dermatology·2025
Same author

Alterations in the humoral immunophenotype in sickle cell disease.

British journal of haematology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Imaging the Root Hair Morphology of Arabidopsis Seedlings in a Two-layer Microfluidic Platform
09:23

Imaging the Root Hair Morphology of Arabidopsis Seedlings in a Two-layer Microfluidic Platform

Published on: August 15, 2017

8.0K

Ultrasonic root-end preparation. Part 1. SEM analysis

J L Gutmann1, W P Saunders, L Nguyen

  • 1Department of Restorative Dentistry, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas, USA.

International Endodontic Journal
|November 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Ultrasonic tips and citric acid rinses are more effective than burs alone for removing the smear layer during root-end cavity preparation. Citric acid significantly enhanced smear layer removal, crucial for successful endodontic treatment.

More Related Videos

Targeted Studies Using Serial Block Face and Focused Ion Beam Scan Electron Microscopy
09:09

Targeted Studies Using Serial Block Face and Focused Ion Beam Scan Electron Microscopy

Published on: August 10, 2019

10.6K
Cortical Bone Assessment Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves: A Reproducibility Study in a Healthy Population
09:02

Cortical Bone Assessment Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves: A Reproducibility Study in a Healthy Population

Published on: January 31, 2025

1.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Imaging the Root Hair Morphology of Arabidopsis Seedlings in a Two-layer Microfluidic Platform
09:23

Imaging the Root Hair Morphology of Arabidopsis Seedlings in a Two-layer Microfluidic Platform

Published on: August 15, 2017

8.0K
Targeted Studies Using Serial Block Face and Focused Ion Beam Scan Electron Microscopy
09:09

Targeted Studies Using Serial Block Face and Focused Ion Beam Scan Electron Microscopy

Published on: August 10, 2019

10.6K
Cortical Bone Assessment Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves: A Reproducibility Study in a Healthy Population
09:02

Cortical Bone Assessment Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves: A Reproducibility Study in a Healthy Population

Published on: January 31, 2025

1.7K

Area of Science:

  • Endodontics
  • Dental Materials Science
  • Scanning Electron Microscopy

Background:

  • Effective cleaning of the root canal system is essential for successful endodontic therapy.
  • The smear layer, a combination of organic and inorganic debris, can impede healing and requires removal.
  • Apical cavity preparation in resected root ends is a critical step in endodontic surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of rotary burs, ultrasonic tips, and citric acid rinse in removing superficial debris and smear layer during apical cavity preparation.
  • To evaluate the impact of different preparation techniques on the cleanliness of resected root ends.

Main Methods:

  • Three groups of 20 extracted teeth underwent apical cavity preparation using: (I) rotary bur, (II) rotary bur followed by citric acid rinse, and (III) ultrasonic tip.
  • Roots were longitudinally grooved, split, and analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) at magnifications of x100 and x780.
  • Examiners used a standardized grading system to assess debris and smear layer presence.

Main Results:

  • Rotary bur preparation resulted in a heavy smear layer at all preparation levels.
  • Ultrasonic preparation partially removed the smear layer in the apical two-thirds.
  • Citric acid rinse significantly enhanced smear layer removal compared to burs and ultrasonic tips (P < 0.05).
  • All techniques resulted in moderate to heavy coronal debris contamination.

Conclusions:

  • Citric acid rinse is a highly effective adjunct for smear layer removal in root-end cavity preparations.
  • Ultrasonic preparation offers partial smear layer removal, superior to bur preparation alone.
  • Minimizing coronal debris contamination requires consideration regardless of the apical preparation technique used.