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Related Experiment Videos

Exercise-induced muscle damage: effect on circulating leukocyte and lymphocyte subsets

F X Pizza1, J B Mitchell, B H Davis

  • 1Department of Physical Education, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth 76129, USA.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|March 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Downhill running (DHR) causes greater immune cell mobilization and CD8+ T cell activation compared to level running (LR). Both running types led to reductions in circulating T lymphocyte subsets during recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise immunology
  • Human physiology
  • Sports science

Background:

  • Running impacts immune cell circulation and function.
  • Downhill running imposes unique eccentric muscle stress compared to level running.
  • Understanding these effects is crucial for athlete recovery and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the differential effects of downhill running (DHR) versus level running (LR) on immune cell populations and T cell activation.
  • To quantify changes in leukocyte and lymphocyte subsets post-exercise and during recovery.
  • To assess T lymphocyte activation markers following DHR and LR.

Main Methods:

  • Randomized cross-over design with 10 runners.
  • 60-minute running trials at 70% VO2max on a level (0%) and downhill (-10%) grade.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Blood sampling pre-exercise and at multiple time points up to 48 hours post-exercise.
  • Analysis of leukocyte counts, lymphocyte subsets (T cells, CD16+, CD3+CD56+), and activated CD8+ T cells (CD25+ CD8+).
  • Measurement of creatine kinase activity as a marker of muscle damage.

    • Main Results:

    • Creatine kinase peaked 12 hours post-DHR, indicating greater muscle stress.
    • Higher counts of total T cells, CD16+, and CD3+CD56+ cells immediately post-DHR compared to LR.
    • Elevated leukocyte and neutrophil counts at 1.5 and 12 hours post-DHR.
    • Increased activated CD8+ T cells 12 hours post-DHR.
    • Significant reductions in circulating T lymphocyte subsets observed during recovery from both LR and DHR.

    Conclusions:

    • Downhill running induces a more pronounced immune response, including greater lymphocyte mobilization and neutrophil influx, compared to level running.
    • Downhill running leads to enhanced CD8+ T cell activation during recovery.
    • Both running conditions result in a temporary decrease in circulating T lymphocyte subsets, highlighting the systemic immune impact of prolonged running.