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Related Experiment Videos

Changes in physician utilization over time among older adults

T E Stump1, R J Johnson, F D Wolinsky

  • 1Regenstrief Institute for Health Care, Indianapolis, USA.

The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Physician service use among older adults can change over time. Declining functional status significantly increases physician visits, but improving status does not reduce them, impacting healthcare utilization patterns.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Health Services Research
  • Longitudinal Data Analysis

Background:

  • Cross-sectional studies offer limited insight into the dynamic nature of physician service utilization among the elderly.
  • Understanding temporal changes in healthcare seeking behavior is crucial for effective health resource allocation and geriatric care planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the consistency and changes in physician service utilization among older adults over a six-year period.
  • To identify demographic, enabling, need-based factors, and functional status changes influencing physician visit patterns in older populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized hierarchical multivariable regression analysis on longitudinal data from 2,430 older adults in the Longitudinal Study of Aging (LSOA).
  • Data collected in 1986, 1988, and 1990, analyzing physician visits between 1984 and 1990.

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  • Predisposing, enabling, and need characteristics (including functional status) from 1984 were used as baseline predictors, alongside changes in functional status.

    • Main Results:

    • Nineteen percent of the variance in physician utilization was explained by the model.
    • Need characteristics accounted for 8% of the variance, baseline physician visits for 4.7%, and changes in functional status for 4.9%.
    • Significant association found between declines in functional status measures and increased physician utilization; improvements in functional status did not show a similar relationship.

    Conclusions:

    • Functional status decline is a significant driver of increased physician service use in older adults.
    • Healthcare utilization models should incorporate dynamic changes in functional status to accurately predict service needs.
    • Interventions aimed at improving functional status may not directly reduce healthcare utilization, highlighting the complexity of geriatric care needs.