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Electrically evoked basilar membrane motion

S Xue1, D C Mountain, A E Hubbard

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Massachusetts 02215, USA.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|May 1, 1995
PubMed
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Electrical stimulation directly moves the basilar membrane in the gerbil cochlea, mimicking sound-evoked motion. This demonstrates electrical-to-mechanical transduction via outer hair cell (OHC) motility in vivo.

Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Bioengineering
  • Mechanobiology

Background:

  • Outer hair cell (OHC) motility is crucial for mammalian cochlear sensitivity and frequency selectivity.
  • Previous studies demonstrated OHC motility in isolated preparations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate and measure in vivo electrical-to-mechanical transduction in the gerbil cochlea.
  • To investigate the relationship between electrical stimulation and basilar membrane (BM) motion.

Main Methods:

  • Direct measurement of basilar membrane (BM) motion in vivo using sinusoidal electrical current injected into the scala media.
  • Characterization of the measurement site's characteristic frequency (CF) via acoustic stimulation.
  • Comparison of electrically evoked BM motion with acoustically driven BM velocity.

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Main Results:

  • Basilar membrane motion was evoked by electrical currents from below 10 Hz to over 40 kHz.
  • Electrically evoked BM velocity magnitude and phase (100 Hz–10 kHz) closely matched acoustically driven BM velocity.
  • Electrically evoked BM motion at 50 microA was comparable to 60 dB SPL acoustic stimulation.
  • Positive current caused BM motion towards scala vestibuli, supporting OHC length changes as the mechanism.

Conclusions:

  • Direct in vivo evidence of electrical-to-mechanical transduction in the cochlea was established.
  • Electrically evoked BM motion validates the role of OHC motility in cochlear mechanics.
  • This study provides a foundation for understanding cochlear function through electrical manipulation.