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Neonatal herpes simplex type 2 encephalitis: its appearances on ultrasound and CT
M A O'Reilly1, P M O'Reilly, R de Bruyn
1Department of Radiology, Hospital for Sick Children, London, UK.
Pediatric Radiology
|January 1, 1995
Summary
Herpes simplex virus type 2 encephalitis in infants is rare. Cranial ultrasound reveals distinctive findings like asymmetric ventricular dilatation and parenchymal changes, aiding early diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal neurology
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Medical imaging
Background:
- Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) encephalitis is a rare but severe condition in neonates.
- Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes.
Observation:
- This report details the ultrasound findings in a 28-day-old infant diagnosed with HSV-2 encephalitis.
- The case highlights the distinctive sonographic appearance of this rare condition.
Findings:
- Sonography revealed asymmetric ventricular dilatation.
- Widespread parenchymal hyperechoic areas were observed, correlating with CT findings of low attenuation.
- These ultrasound findings present a characteristic pattern for HSV-2 encephalitis.
Implications:
- Recognizing these specific ultrasound features can facilitate earlier diagnosis of neonatal HSV-2 encephalitis.
- Prompt diagnosis through cranial ultrasound can lead to timely intervention and potentially better patient outcomes.
- This case contributes to the limited literature on imaging findings in neonatal HSV-2 encephalitis.