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Neutrophil function in lymphoreticular malignancy

B W Hancock, L Bruce, J Richmond

    British Journal of Cancer
    |May 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Neutrophil phagocytosis is often normal or enhanced in patients with lymphoreticular malignancy, particularly with disseminated disease. However, candicidal function may be depressed, indicating potential immune deficits.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Hematology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Neutrophil dysfunction can impact patient outcomes in lymphoreticular malignancies.
    • Assessing neutrophil function is crucial for understanding host defense in cancer patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate neutrophil function, including phagocytosis and micro-organism killing capacity, in patients with lymphoreticular malignancy.
    • To investigate the influence of disease dissemination and treatments on neutrophil function.

    Main Methods:

    • Employed the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test to assess neutrophil oxidative burst.
    • Utilized an in vitro micro-organism killing assay to evaluate neutrophil bactericidal and fungicidal activity.
    • Studied 62 patients diagnosed with lymphoreticular malignancy.

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    Main Results:

    • Phagocytic activity was normal or enhanced in most patients, with the highest enhancement observed in those with disseminated disease (uninfected).
    • Candicidal capacity was depressed in 7 patients; 4 of these also exhibited reduced cell-mediated immunity to Candida antigen.
    • Splenectomy, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy did not significantly alter phagocytic function.

    Conclusions:

    • Neutrophil phagocytosis remains largely intact or is enhanced in lymphoreticular malignancies, even with disseminated disease.
    • Specific deficits in candicidal function and cell-mediated immunity may exist in a subset of these patients.
    • Standard treatments and splenectomy do not appear to impair neutrophil phagocytic capacity.