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Histamine synthesis by bone marrow-derived macrophages

S Takamatsu¹, K Nakano

¹Nagoya University BioScience Center, Japan.

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

|October 1, 1994

Summary

Macrophages in bone marrow synthesize histamine, a process crucial for hematopoiesis regulation. This synthesis is enhanced when macrophages are primed with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and then exposed to lipopolysaccharide.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Hematology
Cell Biology

Background:

Histamine's role in regulating hematopoiesis is suggested but cell-specific synthesis in bone marrow remains unclear.
Mast cells are known histamine producers, but their absence in W/Wv mice allows investigation of other cell types.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify the specific bone marrow cells responsible for histamine synthesis.
To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of histamine production in the bone marrow microenvironment.

Main Methods:

Culturing pure macrophage populations from the bone marrow of W/Wv mice (mast cell-deficient).
Stimulating macrophages with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and murine recombinant granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mrGM-CSF).
Measuring histamine synthesis and assessing the impact of combined stimuli.

Main Results:

Macrophages from mast cell-deficient mice were capable of histamine synthesis.
mrGM-CSF alone or LPS alone did not significantly induce histamine synthesis.
mrGM-CSF priming rendered macrophages responsive to LPS, resulting in a significant increase in histamine production dependent on histidine decarboxylase (HDC).

Conclusions:

Bone marrow macrophages, not just mast cells, are significant producers of histamine.
Histamine synthesis by macrophages is regulated by a priming step involving mrGM-CSF, followed by stimulation with agents like LPS.
These findings highlight a novel pathway for histamine regulation in hematopoiesis.

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