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Traumatic ocular proptoses in dogs and cats: 84 cases (1980-1993)
B C Gilger1, H L Hamilton, D A Wilkie
1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210-1089, USA.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|April 15, 1995
Summary
Traumatic proptosis in dogs and cats often results in vision loss, requiring enucleation or euthanasia. Surgical replacement offers a chance for vision recovery, especially in brachycephalic dogs with initial vision.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Ophthalmology
- Ophthalmology
- Animal Surgery
Background:
- Traumatic proptosis is a common ocular emergency in small animals.
- Prognosis for vision retention after proptosis varies significantly between species and clinical findings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the outcomes of traumatic proptosis in dogs and cats.
- To identify prognostic indicators for vision recovery following surgical intervention for proptosis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 66 dogs and 18 cats with traumatic proptosis.
- Surgical replacement and temporary tarsorrhaphy were performed on selected cases.
- Evaluation of prognostic factors including signalment, pupillary light response, fundic examination, and ocular trauma severity.
Main Results:
- No cats regained vision; 12 underwent enucleation, 2 had blind eyes, and 4 were euthanized.
- Favorable indicators for dogs included brachycephalic breed, positive pupillary light response, normal posterior segment, and initial vision.
- Unfavorable indicators included non-brachycephalic breed, feline species, hyphema, absent pupil, facial fractures, optic nerve damage, and multiple muscle avulsions.
Conclusions:
- Surgical replacement can be successful in dogs with traumatic proptosis, particularly in brachycephalic breeds with favorable initial indicators.
- Traumatic proptosis in cats carries a poor prognosis for vision, often necessitating enucleation or euthanasia.
