[Frontal face lift. Temporal face lift. Extraperiosteal face lift]

The author describes the anatomical structures and various incisions responsible for progress in frontal facelift. He describes the technique currently adopted by the majority of authors to perform this operation. The incision has been the site of the greatest progress and the use of myoplasties remains a controversial issue. Possible combinations with blepharoplasty and with procedures used to complete the facelift at various levels are discussed. These procedures may consist of bone remodelling performed in combination with the operation or osteotomies to modify bony contours, or the use of various filling materials with their respective advantages and disadvantages. The author then describes a temporal facelift technique, which has fallen out of use, under the name of "mannequin facelift" and which, as a result of a better understanding of the planes of dissection has a renewed value in certain indications. It is an incision rather than a technique, but it should also be used with the development of endoscopy. The extraperiostal masklift is a technique which treats the middle part of the face. Its extraperiostal approach, in contrast with the subperiosteal masklift, can be used to release soft tissues and to act more precisely than by raising the periosteum which is considered to be inextensible. Its rejuvenating effect is dramatic, but it does not allow the bony appositions which can be performed via a subperiosteal approach. This technique is very well defined and allows easy progression to a complementary cervicofacial facelift.