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Gender differences in age-related physiological changes and some diseases

E Beregi1, O Regius, J Németh

  • 1Gerontology Center, Semmelweis University of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary.

Zeitschrift Fur Gerontologie Und Geriatrie
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

This study compared healthy elderly individuals and centenarians, finding most lab results normal. Age and sex influenced specific markers, but these changes did not impact female longevity.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Clinical Laboratory Science
  • Human Aging Research

Background:

  • Understanding physiological changes associated with aging is crucial for healthspan research.
  • Centenarians represent a unique population for studying resilience to age-related decline.
  • Normative laboratory values in healthy aging populations require ongoing investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare clinical and laboratory data between healthy elderly individuals (50-89 years) and centenarians.
  • To identify age- and sex-related differences in physiological markers.
  • To investigate the relationship between these markers and longevity.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional and longitudinal study designs were employed.
  • Clinical and laboratory data from healthy individuals aged 50-89 and centenarians were analyzed.

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  • Statistical comparisons were made to identify significant age- and sex-based variations.

    • Main Results:

    • Most clinical laboratory findings were within normal ranges for both healthy elderly and centenarians.
    • Age-related changes were noted in erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum albumin, and rheumatoid factor frequency.
    • Significant sex differences were observed in HDL-cholesterol, hematocrit, hemoglobin, creatinine, total cholesterol, immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM), and antinuclear factor frequency.
    • Females exhibited lower hemoglobin and hematocrit, higher total cholesterol, and increased frequency of antinuclear and rheumatoid factors, along with higher systolic blood pressure compared to males.

    Conclusions:

    • While specific age- and sex-related variations in laboratory markers exist, they do not appear to impede female longevity.
    • Healthy aging is characterized by largely normal clinical laboratory findings, even in centenarians.
    • Further research into the biological mechanisms underlying sex differences in aging and longevity is warranted.