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Mucosal immune response to Helicobacter pylori and cytotoxic mechanism
T Sugiyama1, T Yabana, A Yachi
1Dept. of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan.
Background:
Helicobacter pylori is widely accepted as a major pathogen in gastritis. The histologic features of H. pylori gastritis are the numerous infiltrating mononuclear cells (MNCs) and neutrophils. It is not clear what role the infiltrating MNCs and neutrophils play in H. pylori gastritis.
Methods:
In this study, we have established enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay for the measurement of H. pylori antibody-producing cells in gastric mucosa.
Results:
Using ELISPOT assay, we found that H. pylori-specific IgA-producing cells as well as IgG-producing cells were distributed in gastric mucosa. These H. pylori-specific antibodies in gastric mucosa and neutrophils are responsible for the induction of cytotoxic effect to cultured Vero cells.
Conclusions:
These observations suggest that a mucosal immune response specific to H. pylori is closely associated with the pathogenesis of gastritis.
Insights
Helicobacter pylori infection triggers a specific immune response in the gastric mucosa, involving antibody-producing cells. This mucosal immunity, including IgA and IgG, contributes to the pathogenesis of gastritis.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Helicobacter pylori is a primary cause of gastritis.
- Gastritis histology shows infiltrating mononuclear cells (MNCs) and neutrophils.
- The precise role of these infiltrating cells in H. pylori gastritis is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish an enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay for quantifying H. pylori antibody-producing cells in gastric mucosa.
- To investigate the role of infiltrating immune cells in H. pylori gastritis.
Main Methods:
- Established an enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay.
- Measured H. pylori antibody-producing cells within the gastric mucosa.
Main Results:
- H. pylori-specific IgA- and IgG-producing cells were detected in the gastric mucosa.
- These antibodies, along with neutrophils, induced a cytotoxic effect on cultured Vero cells.
Conclusions:
- A mucosal immune response targeting H. pylori is strongly linked to gastritis development.
- The findings suggest a mechanism involving antibody-mediated cytotoxicity in H. pylori gastritis pathogenesis.