[Antibiotic prophylaxis in urology. Surgical and endoscopic surgery. Lithotripsy. Transplantation]

The opening of the urinary tract switches surgical and endoscopic urology to the clean contaminated category and therefore for each of them antibiotic prophylaxis has to be considered. Prophylactic antibiotics are only recommended before surgery in patients with sterile urine. Those with infected urine should have curative antibiotics. Prophylactic antibiotics are commonly recommended for transurethral resection of the prostate, transrectal biopsy of the prostate, renal transplant and radical cystectomy with ileal or colonic pouch for urinary diversion. It is worthless in diagnostic cystoscopy. ESWL and scrotal surgery. For other procedures more data are required to conclude.