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Comparing antimicrobial activity against resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa using an index for the absence of
K Takigawa1, J Fujita, K Negayama
1First Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Laboratory Kagawa Medical School, Japan.
Abstract:
We devised an index to estimate the degree cross-resistance between piperacillin, ceftazidime, sulbactam/cefoperazone, amikacin, tobramycin, carumonam and imipenem against 139 separate clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A negative value of the index indicated the cross-resistance whereas a positive value suggested the converse making the device an index for the absence of cross resistance (ACR). Using the ACR index, we identified pairs of antibiotics exhibiting the least degree of cross-resistance and therefore the highest potential for treating infections due to P. aeruginosa.
Insights
Researchers developed an Absence of Cross-resistance (ACR) index to assess antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This index helps identify antibiotic combinations with the greatest potential for treating infections caused by this resilient bacterium.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant opportunistic pathogen responsible for various infections.
- Antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa poses a major challenge in clinical settings.
- Understanding cross-resistance patterns is crucial for effective antimicrobial therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a novel index for quantifying cross-resistance between antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- To identify antibiotic pairs with minimal cross-resistance for optimized treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- A cross-resistance index was devised to evaluate relationships between piperacillin, ceftazidime, sulbactam/cefoperazone, amikacin, tobramycin, carumonam, and imipenem.
- The index was applied to 139 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Positive index values indicated absence of cross-resistance, while negative values indicated cross-resistance.
Main Results:
- The developed Absence of Cross-resistance (ACR) index successfully differentiated between cross-resistance and absence of cross-resistance.
- Specific antibiotic pairs exhibiting the least cross-resistance were identified.
- These identified pairs hold significant potential for effective P. aeruginosa infection treatment.
Conclusions:
- The ACR index is a valuable tool for assessing antibiotic cross-resistance in P. aeruginosa.
- Identifying antibiotics with low cross-resistance can guide the selection of effective combination therapies.
- This approach can aid in combating infections caused by multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa strains.