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[Peripheral neuropathies]

S I Mellgren1

  • 1Nevrologisk avdeling, Institutt for klinisk medisin, Universitetet i Tromsø, Regionsykehuset i Tromsø.

Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening : Tidsskrift for Praktisk Medicin, Ny Raekke
|May 30, 1995
PubMed
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This review covers peripheral nerve diseases, including hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HSMN) and diabetic neuropathy. Treatments like plasma exchange benefit inflammatory neuropathies.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Genetics
  • Immunology

Context:

  • Peripheral nerve diseases encompass a range of debilitating conditions.
  • Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies (HSMN) are genetically diverse.
  • Diabetic neuropathy affects a significant portion of diabetic patients.

Purpose:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding and managing peripheral nerve diseases.
  • To highlight genetic loci for different types of HSMN.
  • To discuss the efficacy of various treatment modalities.

Summary:

  • HSMN is genetically heterogeneous with loci on chromosomes 17, 1, and the X chromosome.
  • Severe diabetic neuropathy is infrequent, with intensified insulin therapy potentially more beneficial than aldose reductase inhibitors.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin show promise for inflammatory neuropathies like Guillain-Barré syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.
  • Campylobacter jejuni infection is a common trigger for Guillain-Barré syndrome, with potential cross-reactivity to myelin ganglioside GM1.

    • Impact:

    • Provides an updated overview of peripheral nerve disease research.
    • Informs clinical practice regarding treatment strategies for diabetic and inflammatory neuropathies.
    • Suggests potential etiological links between infections and autoimmune neuropathies.