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Related Experiment Videos

Mutation of lambda during prophage induction by nitrosamides

B J Smith

    Molecular & General Genetics : MGG
    |May 7, 1976
    PubMed
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    N-methyl-N-nitrosourea treatment induced mutations in Escherichia coli K12 (lambda wild-type) prophage, leading to clear plaque-forming mutants (lambdac). Other mutagens showed varied or no mutation induction.

    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Molecular Biology
    • Bacteriology

    Background:

    • Bacteriophage lambda is a virus that infects Escherichia coli.
    • Prophage induction is the process by which a bacteriophage enters the lytic cycle.
    • Chemical mutagens can induce prophage and potentially cause mutations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the mutagenic effects of different chemical agents on Escherichia coli K12 (lambda wild-type) prophage.
    • To identify and characterize phage mutants resulting from prophage induction.

    Main Methods:

    • Induction of prophage in Escherichia coli K12 (lambda wild-type) using various chemical agents: N-methyl-N-nitrosourea, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea, methyl methanesulphonate, iso-propyl methanesulphonate, and ethyl methanesulphonate.
    • Assaying for plaque formation on E. coli K12S to detect and quantify phage mutants.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Distinguishing between clear (lambdac) and fuzzy (lambdaf) plaque morphologies.

    • Main Results:

    • N-methyl-N-nitrosourea induced clear plaque-forming mutants (lambdac) at approximately 6% frequency.
    • Fuzzy plaque-forming mutants (lambdaf) were observed at lower frequencies.
    • N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea showed less mutation induction.
    • Methyl methanesulphonate, iso-propyl methanesulphonate, and non-inducing ethyl methanesulphonate treatments did not result in apparent mutation.
    • Mutagenic effects on host cells or phage alone did not explain the observed mutations.

    Conclusions:

    • N-methyl-N-nitrosourea is an effective mutagen for inducing specific types of lambda phage mutants in Escherichia coli.
    • The mutagenic potential varies significantly among different chemical agents tested.
    • The study provides insights into the mechanisms of prophage induction and mutagenesis.