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Related Experiment Videos

[Does syndrome X exist?]

M Bory1

  • 1Service de cardiologie A, CHU La Timone, Marseille.

Archives Des Maladies Du Coeur Et Des Vaisseaux
|December 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Syndrome X, characterized by chest pain and positive stress tests in patients with normal coronary arteries, is a real entity. However, its incidence is often overestimated due to inconsistent diagnostic criteria, particularly regarding coronary artery spasm and myocardial hypertrophy.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Diagnostic Criteria

Context:

  • Syndrome X, also known as INOCA (Ischemia with Non-Obstructive Coronary Arteries), presents diagnostic challenges.
  • Accurate diagnosis requires excluding other causes of angina with normal coronary arteries, such as coronary artery spasm and myocardial hypertrophy.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the adherence to diagnostic criteria for Syndrome X in existing literature.
  • To determine the actual incidence of Syndrome X based on rigorous exclusion of confounding conditions.

Summary:

  • A literature review of 26 studies (822 patients) revealed inconsistent application of diagnostic criteria for Syndrome X.
  • A positive exercise stress test was an inclusion criterion in only 38.1% of studies.
  • Coronary spasm and myocardial hypertrophy were formally excluded in only 33.3% and 27.7% of patients, respectively.

Related Experiment Videos

  • After applying strict criteria, only 17.4% of patients could be definitively diagnosed with Syndrome X, suggesting overestimation.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the need for standardized diagnostic criteria for Syndrome X to improve diagnostic accuracy.
    • Emphasizes the importance of differentiating Syndrome X from other conditions causing exertional chest pain with normal or non-diagnostic stress tests.
    • Contributes to a clearer understanding of the prevalence and diagnosis of INOCA.