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Related Experiment Videos

Bone loss and bone turnover in diabetes

J C Krakauer1, M J McKenna, N F Buderer

  • 1Division of Bone and Mineral Metabolism, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.

Diabetes
|July 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Diabetes impacts bone density differently based on type. While type I diabetes shows continued bone loss, type II diabetes patients experienced bone density improvement over time, correcting initial deficits.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Bone Metabolism
  • Diabetes Research

Background:

  • Conflicting reports exist regarding diabetes' effect on bone density.
  • Previous studies have not fully elucidated the long-term bone density changes in diabetic patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal changes in bone density in patients with type I and type II diabetes.
  • To compare bone density and bone formation rates between diabetic patients and non-diabetic controls.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 109 patients (46 type I, 63 type II diabetes) with initial measurements in 1978 and follow-ups.
  • Bone density measurements (radial) and bone biopsies for histological assessment of bone formation were performed.
  • Patients were restudied approximately 2.5 and 12.5 years after baseline.

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Main Results:

  • Initially, diabetic patients had significantly lower radial bone density than controls.
  • Bone formation rates were markedly depressed in osteopenic diabetic patients.
  • Type I diabetes showed continued bone loss, maintaining the initial deficit.
  • Type II diabetes patients exhibited slower bone loss, completely correcting the initial deficit over time.
  • Several type II diabetes patients showed improved bone mineral density z-scores, even exceeding normal ranges.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetes influences bone density through multiple mechanisms including impaired bone formation and altered resorption.
  • Type I diabetes is associated with persistent bone loss, while type II diabetes may lead to improved bone density over the long term.
  • Low bone turnover in diabetes may retard age-related bone loss, with potential for bone density normalization or increase in type II diabetes.