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Percutaneous CT-guided biopsy of adrenal masses: immediate and delayed complications
M K Mody1, E A Kazerooni, M Korobkin
1Department of Radiology, University of Michigan Hospitals, Ann Arbor 48109-0326, USA.
Objective:
To determine the immediate and delayed complications of percutaneous adrenal biopsy and any relationship between biopsy methods and complications.
Materials And Methods:
Medical records and radiological examinations of 83 percutaneous adrenal biopsy were reviewed. Indication for biopsy, inpatient/outpatient status, lesion size and location, imaging modality used, needle type, size, approach and number of passes, biopsy results, immediate complications, and delayed complications were recorded.
Results:
Computed tomography was used in 79 cases (95%) and ultrasound in 4 (5%). The biopsy approach was posterior in 37 cases, transhepatic in 33, transpancreatic in 9, anterior in 2, transsplenic in 1, and lateral in 1. The total complication rate was 8.4% and was slightly higher for the transhepatic approach (12%) than the posterior approach (8%). Seven complications occurred: two pneumothoraces, two pain, one perinephric hemorrhage, one subcapsular and intrahepatic hematoma, and one hepatic needle-tract metastasis. The posterior approach was complicated by the two pneumothoraces and perinephric blood; the transhepatic was used in the other four. Five of the complications occurred with 22 gauge needles.
Conclusion:
Percutaneous adrenal biopsy is a safe procedure. Complications occurred in 7 of our patients (8.4%).