Contrast sensitivity, glare, and visual function: diffractive multifocal versus bilateral monofocal intraocular...

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Optometry
• Vision Science

Background:

• Intraocular lenses (IOLs) are crucial for vision restoration after cataract surgery.
• Multifocal IOLs aim to provide spectacle independence, but visual quality can be affected by light conditions.
• Contrast sensitivity is a key indicator of visual function and quality.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare binocular contrast sensitivity in patients with diffractive multifocal IOLs versus monofocal IOLs.
• To evaluate subjective visual experiences across different lighting conditions in both patient groups.

Main Methods:

• Contrast sensitivity was measured binocularly in 18 patients (9 multifocal IOLs, 9 monofocal IOLs).
• Patients completed questionnaires regarding their vision in daylight, twilight, and sunshine.
• Visual restitution and reported visual problems were assessed.

Main Results:

• The diffractive multifocal IOL group exhibited lower mean contrast sensitivity compared to the monofocal IOL group.
• Monofocal IOL patients reported complete visual restitution in all tested light conditions.
• Multifocal IOL patients reported visual disturbances, particularly at night and in varied daylight conditions.

Conclusions:

• Diffractive multifocal IOLs may lead to reduced contrast sensitivity and visual disturbances in certain lighting conditions.
• Monofocal IOLs provide reliable visual restitution across various light environments.
• Patient-reported outcomes highlight potential limitations of multifocal IOLs in real-world visual scenarios.