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Classification criteria for polymyositis and dermatomyositis

K Tanimoto¹, K Nakano, S Kano

¹Service Center, University of Saitama.

The Journal of Rheumatology

|April 1, 1995

Summary

New criteria help classify polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) with high accuracy. These guidelines identify key skin lesions and clinical findings for diagnosing these inflammatory myopathies.

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Area of Science:

Rheumatology
Neurology
Immunology

Background:

Polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) are idiopathic inflammatory myopathies requiring accurate classification.
Establishing precise diagnostic criteria is crucial for effective patient management and research.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish reliable classification criteria for polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM).

Main Methods:

Questionnaires were distributed to major Japanese medical institutes, collecting data from patients with DM, PM, and other related conditions.
Computer analysis was employed to process and evaluate the collected patient data.

Main Results:

Distinguishing skin lesions for DM include heliotrope rash, Gottron's sign, and specific erythema/purpura.

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Key criteria for both DM and PM encompass proximal muscle weakness, elevated muscle enzymes (CK, aldolase), myogenic EMG changes, and specific antibodies like anti-Jo-1.

Conclusions:

DM classification requires one skin lesion criterion and at least four other items (94.1% sensitivity).
PM classification requires at least four non-skin criteria (98.9% sensitivity).
The proposed criteria achieve 95.2% specificity for both DM and PM.