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Computational simulation of worker exposure using a particle trajectory method

M R Flynn1, M M Chen, T Kim

  • 1Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 27599-7400, USA.

The Annals of Occupational Hygiene
|June 1, 1995
PubMed
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This study models contaminant dispersion downstream of a worker using a discrete vortex algorithm. Simulations accurately predict worker exposure and contaminant concentrations, validating the computational approach with wind-tunnel experiments.

Area of Science:

  • Fluid dynamics
  • Environmental engineering
  • Computational modeling

Background:

  • Understanding contaminant dispersion around obstacles is crucial for occupational safety.
  • Previous models often simplified the complex flow dynamics in a worker's wake.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a computational model for predicting contaminant concentration and worker exposure.
  • To simulate the transport of massless tracer particles influenced by vortex shedding and turbulent diffusion.

Main Methods:

  • Approximating the worker as a 2D elliptical cylinder.
  • Utilizing a discrete vortex algorithm to model the velocity field.
  • Simulating tracer particle trajectories and averaging concentrations.
  • Introducing a computational breathing zone for exposure assessment.

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Main Results:

  • Computer-predicted mean concentrations in the near-wake region showed good agreement with wind-tunnel experiments.
  • Simulations of time-integrated breathing zone concentrations also compared favorably with measured values.

Conclusions:

  • The discrete vortex algorithm effectively simulates contaminant dispersion and worker exposure.
  • The model provides a reliable tool for assessing occupational exposure risks in near-wake environments.