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Fe(III) and S0 reduction by Pelobacter carbinolicus

D R Lovley, E J Phillips, D J Lonergan

    Applied and Environmental Microbiology
    |June 1, 1995
    PubMed
    Summary

    Pelobacter carbinolicus, previously thought to be only fermentative, can respire using Fe(III) as an electron acceptor. This finding expands our understanding of microbial metabolism and iron reduction in anaerobic environments.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Environmental Science
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Pelobacter species are phylogenetically related to Desulfuromonas and Geobacter.
    • Unlike Desulfuromonas and Geobacter, Pelobacter species were considered to have a fermentative metabolism.
    • The Fe(III) reducing capabilities of Pelobacter species remained unevaluated.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the Fe(III) reducing ability of Pelobacter carbinolicus.
    • To determine if Pelobacter carbinolicus can utilize Fe(III) as a terminal electron acceptor for respiration.
    • To characterize the metabolic pathways involved in Fe(III) reduction by P. carbinolicus.

    Main Methods:

    • Culturing Pelobacter carbinolicus in media supplemented with Fe(III).
    • Analyzing metabolic products such as acetate and ethanol under different conditions.
    • Testing growth with various electron donors (ethanol, H2, formate) and acceptors (Fe(III), S0).

    Main Results:

    • Pelobacter carbinolicus demonstrated Fe(III) reduction when grown with 2,3-butanediol.
    • P. carbinolicus grew using ethanol, H2, or formate as electron donors with Fe(III) as the electron acceptor.
    • The organism could also utilize S0 as an electron acceptor after adaptation to Fe(III) reduction.
    • P. carbinolicus metabolized ethanol to acetate during Fe(III) respiration.
    • No detectable c-type cytochromes were found, challenging existing models of Fe(III) respiration.

    Conclusions:

    • Pelobacter carbinolicus possesses a respiratory metabolism involving Fe(III) reduction.
    • This finding challenges the traditional classification of Pelobacter species as strictly fermentative.
    • The mechanism of electron transport to Fe(III) in P. carbinolicus may differ from other known Fe(III)-reducing bacteria.

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