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Optic disc morphology in diabetes mellitus

K A Königsreuther1, J B Jonas

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, Erlangen, Germany.

Graefe'S Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Fur Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie
|April 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Diabetes mellitus does not alter optic disc size or shape, but may cause non-glaucomatous optic nerve atrophy. This finding is crucial for diagnosing glaucoma in diabetic patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Diabetology
  • Optic Nerve Health

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus is a systemic disease impacting various body tissues.
  • Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication affecting the eyes.
  • Understanding optic disc changes in diabetes is crucial for differential diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To intravitally evaluate diabetic changes in the optic disc.
  • To assess the impact of diabetes mellitus on optic disc morphology.
  • To differentiate diabetic optic nerve changes from glaucoma.

Main Methods:

  • Morphometric analysis of color photographs from 115 diabetic eyes and 29 normal eyes.
  • Evaluation of optic disc size, shape, neuroretinal rim, and parapapillary atrophy.

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  • Correlation of optic disc variables with diabetic retinopathy severity.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in optic disc size, shape, neuroretinal rim, or parapapillary atrophy between diabetic and normal eyes.
    • These parameters were independent of diabetic retinopathy severity.
    • A trend towards decreased retinal nerve fiber layer visibility and increased optic disc pallor in diabetic eyes was observed.

    Conclusions:

    • Diabetes mellitus does not alter optic disc area, form, neuroretinal rim, or parapapillary atrophy.
    • This is vital for glaucoma diagnosis in diabetics, as glaucoma affects these parameters.
    • Observed changes suggest diabetes may be linked to non-glaucomatous optic nerve atrophy.