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Coronary risk factor levels: differences between educational groups in 1972-87 in eastern Finland

J Pekkanen¹, A Uutela, T Valkonen

¹Department of Environmental Epidemiology, National Public Health Institute, Kuopio, Finland.

Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health

|April 1, 1995

Summary

Coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors remained unequal between educational groups in eastern Finland from the 1970s to 1980s. These persistent disparities highlight a lack of progress in reducing health inequalities, despite public health goals.

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Epidemiology
Cardiovascular Disease Research

Background:

Socioeconomic disparities in health are a persistent global concern.
Understanding trends in coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors across educational groups is crucial for public health policy.
Previous research suggests a link between lower socioeconomic status and higher CHD risk.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate changes in CHD risk factor levels across different educational groups in eastern Finland during the 1970s and 1980s.
To determine if socioeconomic disparities in CHD risk factors narrowed or widened over the study period.
To inform public health strategies aimed at reducing health inequalities.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional population surveys conducted in 1972, 1977, 1982, and 1987 in eastern Finland.

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Inclusion of randomly selected men and women aged 30-59.

Assessment of serum cholesterol, blood pressure, body mass index, smoking status, and educational attainment in over 20,000 participants.

Main Results:

Individuals with lower educational attainment exhibited higher levels of most CHD risk factors by 1987.
Differences in mean serum cholesterol, diastolic blood pressure, and male smoking rates between educational groups remained unchanged.
Body mass index differences widened between educational groups in both men and women, indicating increasing disparities.

Conclusions:

The study found no reduction in educational disparities for key CHD risk factors in eastern Finland during the 1970s and 1980s.
These persistent inequalities in risk factors contrast with trends in CHD mortality, suggesting other factors may influence mortality differences.
The findings indicate a lack of progress in mitigating health inequalities, challenging public health objectives.