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Topical retinaldehyde on human skin: biologic effects and tolerance
J H Saurat1, L Didierjean, E Masgrau
1Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
|December 1, 1994
Summary
Retinaldehyde, a vitamin A metabolite, demonstrates significant biological activity and good skin tolerance. Studies show it increases epidermal thickness and protein expression, making it a promising topical treatment.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology and Vitamin A Metabolism
- Skin Biology and Topical Treatments
Background:
- Retinaldehyde is a natural metabolite of vitamin A.
- Its biological activity and skin tolerance are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the biological activity of topical retinaldehyde.
- To assess the tolerance of retinaldehyde on human skin.
Main Methods:
- Assessed induction of cellular retinoic acid-binding protein type 2 (CRABP 2) mRNA and protein.
- Evaluated epidermal changes (thickness, keratin 14, Ki67) in volunteers.
- Conducted pilot clinical studies on 229 patients using various concentrations of topical retinaldehyde.
Main Results:
- Retinaldehyde increased CRABP 2 levels, ranking below retinoic acid but above retinol.
- Dose-dependent increases in epidermal thickness and specific protein expressions (involucrin, transglutaminase, filaggrin, keratin 4) were observed.
- Topical retinaldehyde, especially at lower concentrations (0.05-0.5%), was well-tolerated, allowing prolonged use in patients with inflammatory skin conditions.
Conclusions:
- Topical retinaldehyde exhibits significant biological activity.
- Retinaldehyde is well-tolerated on human skin, with lower concentrations suitable for long-term use in dermatological conditions.