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Radiological and neurophysiological changes in Japanese encephalitis
U K Misra1, J Kalita, S K Jain
1Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
|December 1, 1994
Summary
Neuroimaging and EEG studies in Japanese encephalitis patients reveal thalamic and brainstem abnormalities. These findings, particularly thalamic lesions, can offer early diagnostic clues during the acute phase of the illness.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Neuroimaging
Background:
- Japanese encephalitis is a severe neurological disorder.
- Understanding the neurophysiological and radiological manifestations is crucial for diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the neurophysiological and radiological findings in patients with Japanese encephalitis.
- To identify early diagnostic clues from EEG and MRI in the acute stage.
Main Methods:
- Neurophysiological studies including EEG.
- Radiological imaging including CT and MRI (brain and spinal cord).
- Analysis of neuroimaging findings in relation to clinical presentation.
Main Results:
- EEG showed diffuse delta wave activity or alpha coma.
- MRI revealed characteristic bilateral, often hemorrhagic, thalamic lesions.
- Brainstem, basal ganglia, and spinal cord abnormalities were also observed in some patients.
- Central motor conduction time was prolonged, indicating widespread central nervous system involvement.
Conclusions:
- MRI and EEG findings in the acute stage are valuable for early diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis.
- Thalamic involvement is a key radiological feature.
- Neuroimaging can detect lesions across various CNS structures, correlating with clinical signs.