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Related Experiment Videos

DNA sequence arrangement and preliminary evidence on its evolution

R J Britten, E H Davidson

    Federation Proceedings
    |August 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Biophysical journal·2009

    Eukaryotic genome evolution reveals most DNA isn't structural genes. Sequence rearrangement significantly impacts evolution more than base substitution, suggesting a basal genome change rate.

    Area of Science:

    • Genomics
    • Molecular Biology
    • Evolutionary Biology

    Background:

    • Eukaryotic genome sizes vary widely.
    • Most single-copy DNA does not code for structural genes.
    • Repetitive and single-copy DNA sequences are interspersed in animal genomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review recent findings on eukaryotic genome sequence arrangement and evolution.
    • To hypothesize about the rate of genomic change.
    • To understand the role of sequence rearrangement versus base substitution in evolution.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of recent measurements of eukaryotic genome sequence arrangement.
    • Analysis of genome size and transcribed sequence data.
    • Comparison of base substitution rates in primate single-copy DNA.

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  • Examination of repetitive and single-copy DNA sequence interspersion and divergence.

    • Main Results:

    • The majority of single-copy DNA does not consist of structural genes.
    • A basal rate of genomic change, potentially unaffected by selection, is hypothesized.
    • Short-period interspersion of repetitive and single-copy DNA is common.
    • Long repetitive regions appear to be recent genomic additions, while short interspersed sequences result from base substitution and translocation.

    Conclusions:

    • Sequence rearrangement is a major driver of genome evolution.
    • Genome evolution may be more influenced by sequence rearrangement than by base substitution.
    • Understanding genome structure and evolution is key to comprehending phenotypic changes.