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The mitogen-activated protein kinases, ERK1 and ERK2
M H Cobb1, J E Hepler, M Cheng
1Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas 75235.
Seminars in Cancer Biology
|August 1, 1994
Abstract:
The MAP kinases are ubiquitous enzymes that are activated in a complex fashion and inactivated by multiple phosphatases including a dedicated dual specificity enzyme. These kinases have a diverse array of substrates with important functions that result in their substantial regulatory impact. The ERK/MAP kinase cascade displays not only downstream but also upstream interactions as well as cross talk with other signaling pathways which fine tunes the cascade in a cell type-specific fashion. Transforming agents utilize this cascade in inducing cell proliferation.