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Obesity and hypertension

R E Schmieder1, J K Rockstroh

  • 1Medizinische Klinik IV, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.

Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension
|September 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary

Obesity increases hypertension risk and influences cardiovascular disease. Obese hypertensive patients exhibit distinct hemodynamic patterns, impacting treatment strategies and target organ effects differently than lean individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Obesity Medicine

Background:

  • Obesity is linked to increased hypertension prevalence.
  • Both obesity and hypertension are independent cardiovascular disease risk factors.
  • Obesity significantly influences hemodynamic changes in hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the pathophysiological influence of obesity on hypertension.
  • To examine the disparate effects of obesity on target organs in hypertensive patients.
  • To assess the clinical relevance of obesity-related hemodynamic patterns in hypertension management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical trial data demonstrating the association between obesity and hypertension.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological evidence linking obesity to hemodynamic alterations.
  • Examination of recent reports on obesity's differential impact on systemic and renovascular beds.

Main Results:

  • Obese hypertensive patients show higher cardiac output and lower total peripheral resistance than lean counterparts at similar arterial pressures.
  • Obesity mitigates some systemic vascular bed changes in hypertension at rest.
  • Obesity exacerbates left ventricular hypertrophy and shows no mitigation in the renovasculature.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity significantly alters hemodynamic profiles in hypertensive patients.
  • The impact of obesity on target organs in hypertension is varied, with potential exacerbation of risks like left ventricular hypertrophy.
  • Understanding these distinct hemodynamic patterns is crucial for effective hypertension treatment in obese individuals.

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