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Rickettsia conorii entry into Vero cells

N Teysseire1, J A Boudier, D Raoult

  • 1Unité des Rickettsies, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique EP J 0054, Faculté de Médecine, la Timone, France.

Infection and Immunity
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Rickettsia conorii rapidly enters host cells via induced phagocytosis, quickly escaping the phagosome. This study provides the first evidence of rickettsiae within a complete phagocytic vacuole during cell entry.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Microbiology
  • Infectious diseases

Background:

  • Rickettsiae are intracellular bacteria known to infect eukaryotic cells.
  • Entry mechanisms involve induced phagocytosis, but vacuole dynamics remain unclear.
  • Previous observations lacked evidence of rickettsiae within intact phagocytic vacuoles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the early entry process of Rickettsia conorii into Vero cells.
  • To determine the temporal dynamics of rickettsiae within phagocytic vacuoles.
  • To provide the first visual evidence of rickettsiae within a complete phagocytic vacuole.

Main Methods:

  • Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe Rickettsia conorii entry into Vero cells.
  • Bacterium-cell contact and subsequent internalization were monitored over a 3 to 20-minute period.
  • Phagosome integrity and bacterial location (vacuolar vs. cytosolic) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Rickettsia conorii entry into Vero cells occurred within 3 minutes of contact.
  • Bacteria were observed during engulfment, within vacuoles, or free in the cytosol.
  • By 12 minutes, 90% of bacteria were internalized, with half in the cytosol, indicating rapid phagosome escape.

Conclusions:

  • Rickettsiae penetrate non-phagocytic cells through induced phagocytosis.
  • Phagosome lysis is infrequent, suggesting rapid bacterial escape mechanisms.
  • This study presents the first demonstration of rickettsiae within a complete phagocytic vacuole during cellular entry.

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