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Functional differences between L- and T-plastin isoforms

M Arpin1, E Friederich, M Algrain

  • 1Unité de Biologie des Membranes, URA CNRS, Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Institut Pasteur, Paris.

The Journal of Cell Biology
|December 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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T-plastin and L-plastin are actin-bundling proteins with distinct cellular roles. Their functions in actin organization are cell-type specific, impacting cell shape and microvilli.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Fimbrins/plastins are conserved actin-bundling proteins found in eukaryotic cells.
  • Isoforms T-plastin and L-plastin exhibit tissue-specific expression: T-plastin in epithelial/mesenchymal cells, L-plastin in hematopoietic cells.
  • L-plastin has also been observed in non-hematopoietic tumor cells, suggesting broader roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biological significance of T-plastin and L-plastin tissue specificity.
  • To determine the distinct roles of T- and L-plastin isoforms in actin filament organization within different cell types.

Main Methods:

  • Overproduction of T- and L-plastin isoforms in CV-1 (fibroblast-like) and LLC-PK1 (polarized epithelial) cell lines.
  • Analysis of actin stress fiber and microvillar organization following protein overproduction.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of protein association with the cytoskeleton using non-ionic detergent extraction.

    • Main Results:

    • In CV-1 cells, both isoforms induced cell rounding and actin stress fiber reorganization into geodesic structures.
    • L-plastin remained associated with microfilaments, while T-plastin was largely extracted.
    • In LLC-PK1 cells, T-plastin altered microvilli shape and remained associated with microvillar actin, whereas L-plastin had no effect and was extracted.

    Conclusions:

    • T-plastin and L-plastin isoforms play distinct roles in actin filament organization.
    • These roles are dependent on the cell type, influencing structures like microvilli.
    • The differential functions suggest fundamentally different roles in cellular processes.