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[Current malaria management in Switzerland]

¹Medizinische Abteilung, Schweizerisches Tropeninstitut, Basel.

Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift

|December 17, 1994

Summary

Malaria in returning travelers requires emergency diagnosis and management. Prompt treatment is crucial, especially for Plasmodium falciparum, to prevent potentially fatal complications.

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Area of Science:

Tropical Medicine
Infectious Diseases
Traveler's Health

Background:

Malaria diagnosis and management in travelers is a medical emergency.
Accurate diagnosis relies on travel history and blood examination.
Prompt intervention is critical for favorable outcomes.

Observation:

Plasmodium vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae typically cause non-dangerous febrile illnesses.
Plasmodium falciparum infections can lead to severe, fatal complications.
Non-specific symptoms like fever and headache can delay diagnosis.

Findings:

Incomplete malaria chemoprophylaxis can result in mitigated or delayed illness courses.
Chloroquine remains the primary treatment for P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae.
Chemoresistance in P. falciparum necessitates alternative antimalarial treatments.

Implications:

Hospitalization is recommended for severe P. falciparum malaria cases.
Treatment initiation upon suspicion, prior to parasitological confirmation, is advised.
Quinine is the preferred drug for severe P. falciparum malaria, with intravenous loading doses for untreated patients.

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