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Sacral ulcers following cardiac surgery: incidence and risks

C T Papantonio, J M Wallop, K B Kolodner

    Advances in Wound Care : the Journal for Prevention and Healing
    |March 1, 1994
    PubMed
    Summary

    Sacral pressure ulcers developed in 27.2% of cardiac surgery patients. Older age, hospital transfer, and diabetes history increased risk for these preventable hospital-acquired conditions.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Surgery
    • Wound Care
    • Patient Safety

    Background:

    • Sacral pressure ulcers are a concern in hospitalized patients.
    • Cardiac surgery patients may be at increased risk due to perioperative factors.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the incidence of sacral pressure ulcers after elective cardiac surgery.
    • To identify risk factors associated with their development.

    Main Methods:

    • Prospective assessment of perioperative variables.
    • Analysis of 136 adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery.
    • Documentation of sacral pressure ulcer development (Stage I, II-III).

    Main Results:

    • 27.2% of patients (n=37) developed sacral pressure ulcers.
    • 16 Stage I and 21 Stage II-III ulcers were recorded.
    • Older age, prior hospital transfer, and diabetes history were significant risk factors.

    Conclusions:

    • Older age, hospital transfer, and diabetes are key risk factors for sacral pressure ulcers in cardiac surgery patients.
    • These findings can aid in identifying high-risk individuals for targeted prevention strategies.
    • Implementing preventative measures is crucial for reducing hospital-acquired pressure ulcers.

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