Gastroesophageal reflux in pregnancy

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms affect 45%-80% of pregnant women.
• Pregnancy involves hormonal and physiological changes distinct from the non-gravid state, influencing reflux.
• Reflux symptoms in pregnancy mirror those in non-pregnant individuals but have unique etiologies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) specifically in pregnancy.
• To highlight the distinct considerations for managing GERD in gravid patients due to potential fetal risks.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of epidemiological data.
• Discussion of pathophysiological mechanisms unique to pregnancy.
• Analysis of diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies for GERD in pregnancy.

Main Results:

• GERD is highly prevalent in pregnancy.
• Hormonal shifts and physiological changes contribute to GERD development.
• Standard diagnostic and treatment methods require careful consideration due to fetal safety.

Conclusions:

• GERD management in pregnancy necessitates a cautious approach.
• Understanding pregnancy-specific factors is crucial for effective and safe treatment.
• Further research may be needed to optimize GERD care during gestation.